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20 November, 2018

Array in Hindi

 Programing Coderfunda     November 20, 2018     Array, php     No comments   

Array में एक ही variable पर multiple values; store करके रखा जाता है |
$arr = array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);

एक variable एक से ज्यादा value store करके नहीं रख सकता |
For eg.
$var1 = 5;
$var2 = 6;
$var3 = 9;
यहाँ पर तीन variable declare किये गए है , लेकिन 100, 300 और 500 variables declare करने में काफी समय लगेगा, लेकिन array के साथ एक ही variable पर multiple values store करके रखे जा सकते है |
$var = array(5, 6, 9);

Array को create करने के लिए array() इस function का इस्तेमाल किया जाता है |
array();

PHP में Array के लिए तीन प्रकार है |
  1. Indexed Array
  2. Associative Array
  3. MultiDimensional Array

1. Indexed Array

Indexed Array multiple elements को store किया जाता है |
Index array में index 0 से शुरू होता है और जितने elements है उनकी संख्या से -1 तक होती है | हर array के element को comma से seperate किया जाता है |
Syntax for Numeric/String Indexed Array
$arr1 = array( value 1, value 2, ......, value n);    //numeric
$arr2 = array( "value 1", "value 2", ......, "value n" );   //string

Index Array तीन प्रकार से लिखे जाते है |
Indexed Array Type1 : 
Source Code :
1234567<?php
$stud = array( "Raj","Prakash","Narayan"); //string
$marks = array(85, 93, 95);     //numeric
 
echo "$stud[0], $stud[1], $stud[2] <br />";
echo "$marks[0], $marks[1], $marks[2]";
?>
Output :
Raj, Prakash, Narayan 
85, 93, 95

Indexed Array Type2 : 
Source Code :
123456789101112<?php
$stud[0] = "Raj";      //string
$stud[1] = "Prakash";
$stud[2] = "Narayan";

$marks[0] = 85;        //numeric       
$marks[1] = 93;
$marks[2] = 95;    
 
echo "$stud[0], $stud[1], $stud[2] <br />";
echo "$marks[0], $marks[1], $marks[2]";
?>
Output :
Raj, Prakash, Narayan 
85, 93, 95

Indexed Array Type3 : 
यहाँ पर array का index automatically दिया जाता है |
Source Code :
123456789101112<?php
$stud[] = "Raj";      //string
$stud[] = "Prakash";
$stud[] = "Narayan";

$marks[] = 85;        //numeric       
$marks[] = 93;
$marks[] = 95;  
 
echo "$stud[0], $stud[1], $stud[2] <br />";
echo "$marks[0], $marks[1], $marks[2]";
?>
Output :
Raj, Prakash, Narayan 
85, 93, 95

2. Associative Array

Associative Array; Indexed Array जैसा ही होता है, लेकिन associative array में Programmer द्वारा index को define किया जाता है |
index को define करने के लिए => इस sign के साथ value का इस्तेमाल किया जाता है | हर array के element को comma से seperate किया जाता है |
Syntax for Numeric Keys and Values
$arr1 = array( key 1 => value 1, key 2 => value 2, ...., key n => value n );

Syntax for String Keys and Values
$arr2 = array( "key 1" => "value 1", "key 2" => "value 2", ...., "key n" => "value n" );

Syntax for Numeric Keys and String Values
Numeric keys का इस्तेमाल नहीं किया जाता |
$arr3 = array( key 1 => "value 1", key 2 => "value 2", ...., key n => "value n" );

Syntax for String Keys and Numeric Values
$arr4 = array( "key 1" => value 1, "key 2" => value 2, ......, "key n" => value n );

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Associative Array दो प्रकार से लिखे जाते है |
Type 1 :
Source Code :
1234567<?php
$percentages = array( "Raj" => 54, "Prakash" => 85, "Narayan" => 60 );

echo "Raj got ".$percentages["Raj"]. " percentages. <br />";
echo "Prakash got ".$percentages["Prakash"]. " percentages. <br />";
echo "Narayan got ".$percentages["Narayan"]. " percentages. <br />";
?>
Output :
Raj got 54 percentages. 
Prakash got 85 percentages. 
Narayan got 60 percentages.

Type 2 :
Source Code :
123456789<?php
$percentages["Raj"] = 54; 
$percentages["Prakash"] = 85;
$percentages["Narayan"] = 60;

echo "Raj got ".$percentages["Raj"]. " percentages. <br />";
echo "Prakash got ".$percentages["Prakash"]. " percentages. <br />";
echo "Narayan got ".$percentages["Narayan"]. " percentages. <br />";
?>
Output :
Raj got 54 percentages. 
Prakash got 85 percentages. 
Narayan got 60 percentages.

3. MultiDimensional or Nested Array

PHP में Multidimensional Array को Nested Array भी कहा जाता है |
MultiDimensional Array में दो या दो से अधिक arrays होते है |
Syntax for MultiDimensional Array
$arr = array(
  array(value 1, value 2,...., value n),
  array(value 1, value 2,...., value n)
  );

MultiDimensional Array में rows और columns होते है |
Column1Column2Column3Column4
Row1
arr[0][0]arr[0][1]arr[0][2]arr[0][3]
Row2
arr[1][0]arr[1][1]arr[1][2]arr[1][3]
Row3
arr[2][0]arr[2][1]arr[2][2]arr[2][3]

Example for MultiDimensional Array

Source Code :
1234567891011<?php

$arr = array(
    array(1, 2, 3, 4),
    array(5, 6, 7, 8),
    array(9, 10, 11, 12)
    );
echo  $arr[0][0]." ".$arr[0][1]." ".$arr[0][2]." ".$arr[0][3]."<br /> " 
  .$arr[1][0]." ".$arr[1][1]." ".$arr[1][2]." ".$arr[1][3]."<br /> "
  .$arr[2][0]." ".$arr[2][1]." ".$arr[2][2]." ".$arr[2][3]."<br /> ";
?>
Output :
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
9 10 11 12

Example for MultiDimensional Array using for Loop

Source Code :
1234567891011121314<?php
$arr = array(
    array(1, 2, 3, 4),
    array(5, 6, 7, 8),
    array(9, 10, 11, 12)
    );
    
for($i=0;$i<3;$i++){
 for($j=0;$j<4;$j++){
  echo $arr[$i][$j]." ";
 }
 echo "<br>";
}
?>
Output :
1 2 3 4 
5 6 7 8 
9 10 11 12 

Example for MultiDimensional Array using foreach Loop

Source Code :
1234567891011121314<?php
$arr = array(
    array(1, 2, 3, 4),
    array(5, 6, 7, 8),
    array(9, 10, 11, 12)
    );
    
foreach($arr as $i){
 foreach($i as $j){
  echo $j." ";
 }
 echo "<br>";
}
?>
Output :
1 2 3 4 
5 6 7 8 
9 10 11 12 

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