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29 October, 2018

PHP के Variables create करने से पहले उसके कुछ नियम समझे |

 Programing Coderfunda     October 29, 2018     php     No comments   


PHP के Variables create करने से पहले उसके कुछ नियम समझे |

Rules for PHP Variables

  • PHP का variable बनाने के लिए शुरुआत में $ (dollar) sign का इस्तेमाल किया जाता है |
  • $ sign के बाद variable underscore(_) या किसी भी letter(A-Z, a-z) से start किया जाता है | For eg. $var, $_var
  • किसी भी numeric value से variable की शुरुआत नहीं होती | For eg. $123var
  • Variable alphanumeric भी होता है | For eg. $var123
  • PHP Language ये Variable के बारे में एक case-sensitive language है | यहाँ पर $a और $A ये दोनों अलग-अलग variables है |

Variable Initialization

Source Code :
<?php    $a = 2;        //Integer  $b = "c";      //Character  $c = 2.5;      //Double  $d = "Hello";  //String  $e = true;     //Boolean  $f = null;     //NULL    ?>  
Variable ये एक data को store करने का माध्यम है | program पर सभी प्रकार के data types को store किया गया है

Output for above Example

Source Code :
<?php    echo $a . "<br/>";  echo $b . "<br/>";  echo $c . "<br/>";  echo $d . "<br/>";  echo $e . "<br/>";  echo $f ;    ?>  
Output :
2  c  2.5  Hello  1  

Variables Concatenation

PHP में एक variable को दुसरे variable के साथ जोड़ा जाता है |
Source Code :
<?php  $var1 = "Hello";  $var2 = " World";    echo $var1 . $var2;   echo $var1 . "Friends";  ?>  
Output :
Hello WorldHelloFriends  

Concatenation Variables with HTML Tags

Source Code :
<?php  $var1 = "Hello";  $var2 = " World";    echo $var1 . $var2 . "<br />";  echo "<strong>" . $var1 . $var2 . "</strong>";  ?>  
Output :
Hello World  Hello World  

Variable Assigning Variable

यहाँ पर किसी variable की value किसी नए variable पर store की जा सकती है |
Source Code :
<?php  $var1 = "Hello";  $var2 = " World";    $var3 = $var1;  echo $var3;  ?>  
Output :
Hello  

Variable की value को बदला जा सकता है |
Source Code :
<?php  $var = "Hello World";  echo $var . "<br />";  $var = "Hello Friends";  echo $var . "<br />";  ?>  
Output :
Hello World  Hello Friends  

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Variable Scopes

PHP के Variable को कहा पर declare किया जाता है | पर variables को access करने के लिए तीन scopes बनाये गए है |
  1. Local Variable
  2. Global Variable
  3. Static Variable

1. Local Variable

Local Variables सिर्फ function के अन्दर ही accessible होते है |
Source Code :
<?php  function func(){  $a = 10;   echo "Value of a : $a";  }  func(); //call function  echo "Value of a : $a"; //not accessible from outside function  ?>  
Output :
Value of a : 10  Notice: Undefined variable: a in E:\xampp\htdocs\Variables.php on line 8  Value of a :  

2. Global Variable

Global Variables; function के outside से access किये जाते है |
Source Code :
<?php  $a = 10;  function func(){   echo "Value of a : $a"; //not accessible from inside function  }  func(); //call function   echo "Value of a : $a";  ?>  
Output :
Notice: Undefined variable: a in E:\xampp\htdocs\Variables.php on line 4  Value of a : Value of a : 10  

Variable Using global Keyword

Global Variables function के outside से access किये जाते है | लेकिन वो function के लिए accessible नहीं होते |
जब global keyword के साथ variables; function के अन्दर लिखे जाते है तो वो variables function के लिए भी accessible रहते है |
Source Code :
<?php  $a = 2;  $b = 4;  function func(){   global $a, $b;  }  func();  echo "Value of a : $a <br />";  echo "Value of b : $b <br />";  ?>  
Output :
Value of a : 2   Value of b : 4  

3. Static Variable

Without Static Variable
जब function में बिना static variable का इस्तेमाल किया जाता है तो,
जब func() call किया जाता है, तब उसमे जो variables होते है, वो एक बार ही initialized होते है | उसके बाद वो destroy हो जाते है |
Source Code :
<?php  function func(){      $a = 1;      echo "Value of a : $a <br />";      $a++;  }  func();  func();  ?>  
Output :
Value of a : 1  Value of a : 1  

With Static Variable
जब function में static variable का इस्तेमाल किया जाता है तो,
जब func() call किया जाता है, तब उसमे जो variables होते है, वो अपनी values को hold करके रखते | ये variables destroyed नहीं होते |
Source Code :
<?php  function func(){      static $a = 1;      echo "Value of a : $a <br />";      $a++;  }  func();  func();  ?>  
Output :
Value of a : 1  Value of a : 2  

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