SQL SELECT DISTINCT Statement

The SQL SELECT DISTINCT Statement

The SELECT DISTINCT statement is used to return only distinct (different) values.

Inside a table, a column often contains many duplicate values; and sometimes you only want to list the different (distinct) values.

SELECT DISTINCT Syntax

SELECT DISTINCT column1, column2, ...
FROM table_name;

---

Demo Database

Below is a selection from the "Customers" table in the Northwind sample database:

CustomerID	CustomerName	ContactName	Address	City	PostalCode	Country
1	Alfreds Futterkiste	Maria Anders	Obere Str. 57	Berlin	12209	Germany
2	Ana Trujillo Emparedados y helados	Ana Trujillo	Avda. de la Constitución 2222	México D.F.	05021	Mexico
3	Antonio Moreno Taquería	Antonio Moreno	Mataderos 2312	México D.F.	05023	Mexico
4	Around the Horn	Thomas Hardy	120 Hanover Sq.	London	WA1 1DP	UK
5	Berglunds snabbköp	Christina Berglund	Berguvsvägen 8	Luleå	S-958 22	Sweden

---

SELECT Example Without DISTINCT

The following SQL statement selects ALL (including the duplicates) values from the "Country" column in the "Customers" table:

Example

SELECT Country FROM Customers;

Try it Yourself »

Now, let us use the DISTINCT keyword with the above SELECT statement and see the result.

---

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SELECT DISTINCT Examples

The following SQL statement selects only the DISTINCT values from the "Country" column in the "Customers" table:

Example

SELECT DISTINCT Country FROM Customers;

Try it Yourself »

The following SQL statement lists the number of different (distinct) customer countries:

Example

SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT Country) FROM Customers;

Try it Yourself »

Note: The example above will not work in Firefox! Because COUNT(DISTINCT column_name) is not supported in Microsoft Access databases. Firefox is using Microsoft Access in our examples.

Here is the workaround for MS Access:

Example

SELECT Count(*) AS DistinctCountries
FROM (SELECT DISTINCT Country FROM Customers);

Try it Yourself »

Read More

SQL SELECT Statement

The SQL SELECT Statement

The SELECT statement is used to select data from a database.

The data returned is stored in a result table, called the result-set.

SELECT Syntax

SELECT column1, column2, ...
FROM table_name;

Here, column1, column2, ... are the field names of the table you want to select data from. If you want to select all the fields available in the table, use the following syntax:

SELECT * FROM table_name;

---

Demo Database

Below is a selection from the "Customers" table in the Northwind sample database:

CustomerID	CustomerName	ContactName	Address	City	PostalCode	Country
1	Alfreds Futterkiste	Maria Anders	Obere Str. 57	Berlin	12209	Germany
2	Ana Trujillo Emparedados y helados	Ana Trujillo	Avda. de la Constitución 2222	México D.F.	05021	Mexico
3	Antonio Moreno Taquería	Antonio Moreno	Mataderos 2312	México D.F.	05023	Mexico
4	Around the Horn	Thomas Hardy	120 Hanover Sq.	London	WA1 1DP	UK
5	Berglunds snabbköp	Christina Berglund	Berguvsvägen 8	Luleå	S-958 22	Sweden

---

SELECT Column Example

The following SQL statement selects the "CustomerName" and "City" columns from the "Customers" table:

Example

SELECT CustomerName, City FROM Customers;

SELECT * Example

The following SQL statement selects all the columns from the "Customers" table:

Example

SELECT * FROM Customers;

Read More

SQL SELECT Statement

The SQL SELECT Statement

The SELECT statement is used to select data from a database.

The data returned is stored in a result table, called the result-set.

SELECT Syntax

SELECT column1, column2, ...
FROM table_name;

Here, column1, column2, ... are the field names of the table you want to select data from. If you want to select all the fields available in the table, use the following syntax:

SELECT * FROM table_name;

---

Demo Database

Below is a selection from the "Customers" table in the Northwind sample database:

CustomerID	CustomerName	ContactName	Address	City	PostalCode	Country
1	Alfreds Futterkiste	Maria Anders	Obere Str. 57	Berlin	12209	Germany
2	Ana Trujillo Emparedados y helados	Ana Trujillo	Avda. de la Constitución 2222	México D.F.	05021	Mexico
3	Antonio Moreno Taquería	Antonio Moreno	Mataderos 2312	México D.F.	05023	Mexico
4	Around the Horn	Thomas Hardy	120 Hanover Sq.	London	WA1 1DP	UK
5	Berglunds snabbköp	Christina Berglund	Berguvsvägen 8	Luleå	S-958 22	Sweden

---

SELECT Column Example

The following SQL statement selects the "CustomerName" and "City" columns from the "Customers" table:

Example

SELECT CustomerName, City FROM Customers;

SELECT * Example

The following SQL statement selects all the columns from the "Customers" table:

Example

SELECT * FROM Customers;

Read More

SQL Syntax

 Database Tables

A database most often contains one or more tables. Each table is identified by a name (e.g. "Customers" or "Orders"). Tables contain records (rows) with data.

In this tutorial we will use the well-known Northwind sample database (included in MS Access and MS SQL Server).

Below is a selection from the "Customers" table:

CustomerID	CustomerName	ContactName	Address	City	PostalCode	Country
1	Alfreds Futterkiste	Maria Anders	Obere Str. 57	Berlin	12209	Germany
2	Ana Trujillo Emparedados y helados	Ana Trujillo	Avda. de la Constitución 2222	México D.F.	05021	Mexico
3	Antonio Moreno Taquería	Antonio Moreno	Mataderos 2312	México D.F.	05023	Mexico
4	Around the Horn	Thomas Hardy	120 Hanover Sq.	London	WA1 1DP	UK
5	Berglunds snabbköp	Christina Berglund	Berguvsvägen 8	Luleå	S-958 22	Sweden

The table above contains five records (one for each customer) and seven columns (CustomerID, CustomerName, ContactName, Address, City, PostalCode, and Country).

---

SQL Statements

Most of the actions you need to perform on a database are done with SQL statements.

The following SQL statement selects all the records in the "Customers" table:

Example

SELECT * FROM Customers;

Read More

SQL Syntax

 Database Tables

A database most often contains one or more tables. Each table is identified by a name (e.g. "Customers" or "Orders"). Tables contain records (rows) with data.

In this tutorial we will use the well-known Northwind sample database (included in MS Access and MS SQL Server).

Below is a selection from the "Customers" table:

CustomerID	CustomerName	ContactName	Address	City	PostalCode	Country
1	Alfreds Futterkiste	Maria Anders	Obere Str. 57	Berlin	12209	Germany
2	Ana Trujillo Emparedados y helados	Ana Trujillo	Avda. de la Constitución 2222	México D.F.	05021	Mexico
3	Antonio Moreno Taquería	Antonio Moreno	Mataderos 2312	México D.F.	05023	Mexico
4	Around the Horn	Thomas Hardy	120 Hanover Sq.	London	WA1 1DP	UK
5	Berglunds snabbköp	Christina Berglund	Berguvsvägen 8	Luleå	S-958 22	Sweden

The table above contains five records (one for each customer) and seven columns (CustomerID, CustomerName, ContactName, Address, City, PostalCode, and Country).

---

SQL Statements

Most of the actions you need to perform on a database are done with SQL statements.

The following SQL statement selects all the records in the "Customers" table:

Example

SELECT * FROM Customers;

Read More

Introduction to SQL

    Introduction to SQL

    SQL is a standard language for accessing and manipulating databases.

    What is SQL?

    SQL stands for Structured Query Language

    SQL lets you access and manipulate databases

    SQL became a standard of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) in 1986,

    and of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 1987

    What Can SQL do?

    SQL can execute queries against a database

    SQL can retrieve data from a database

    SQL can insert records in a database

    SQL can update records in a database

    SQL can delete records from a database

    SQL can create new databases

    SQL can create new tables in a database

    SQL can create stored procedures in a database

    SQL can create views in a database

    SQL can set permissions on tables, procedures, and views

    SQL is a Standard - BUT....

    Although SQL is an ANSI/ISO standard, there are different versions of the

     SQL language.

    However, to be compliant with the ANSI standard, they all support at 

    least the major commands (such as SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, INSERT, WHERE)

    in a similar manner.

    Using SQL in Your Web Site

    To build a web site that shows data from a database, you will need:

    An RDBMS database program (i.e. MS Access, SQL Server, MySQL)

    To use a server-side scripting language, like PHP or ASP

    To use SQL to get the data you want

    To use HTML / CSS to style the page

    RDBMS

    RDBMS stands for Relational Database Management System.

    RDBMS is the basis for SQL, and for all modern database systems such as MS SQL

     Server, IBM DB2, Oracle, MySQL, and Microsoft Access.

    The data in RDBMS is stored in database objects called tables. A table is a 

    collection of related data entries and it consists of columns and rows.

    Look at the "Customers" table:

    Example

    SELECT * FROM Customers;

     Every table is broken up into smaller entities called fields. The fields in the

     Customers table consist of CustomerID, CustomerName, ContactName, Address, City,

     PostalCode and Country. A field is a column in a table that is designed to 

     maintain specific information about every record in the table.

    A record, also called a row, is each individual entry that exists in a table.

     For example, there are 91 records in the above Customers table. A record is

     a horizontal entity in a table.

    A column is a vertical entity in a table that contains all information associated

     with a specific field in a table.

Read More

Introduction to SQL

    Introduction to SQL

    SQL is a standard language for accessing and manipulating databases.

    What is SQL?

    SQL stands for Structured Query Language

    SQL lets you access and manipulate databases

    SQL became a standard of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) in 1986,

    and of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in 1987

    What Can SQL do?

    SQL can execute queries against a database

    SQL can retrieve data from a database

    SQL can insert records in a database

    SQL can update records in a database

    SQL can delete records from a database

    SQL can create new databases

    SQL can create new tables in a database

    SQL can create stored procedures in a database

    SQL can create views in a database

    SQL can set permissions on tables, procedures, and views

    SQL is a Standard - BUT....

    Although SQL is an ANSI/ISO standard, there are different versions of the

     SQL language.

    However, to be compliant with the ANSI standard, they all support at 

    least the major commands (such as SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, INSERT, WHERE)

    in a similar manner.

    Using SQL in Your Web Site

    To build a web site that shows data from a database, you will need:

    An RDBMS database program (i.e. MS Access, SQL Server, MySQL)

    To use a server-side scripting language, like PHP or ASP

    To use SQL to get the data you want

    To use HTML / CSS to style the page

    RDBMS

    RDBMS stands for Relational Database Management System.

    RDBMS is the basis for SQL, and for all modern database systems such as MS SQL

     Server, IBM DB2, Oracle, MySQL, and Microsoft Access.

    The data in RDBMS is stored in database objects called tables. A table is a 

    collection of related data entries and it consists of columns and rows.

    Look at the "Customers" table:

    Example

    SELECT * FROM Customers;

     Every table is broken up into smaller entities called fields. The fields in the

     Customers table consist of CustomerID, CustomerName, ContactName, Address, City,

     PostalCode and Country. A field is a column in a table that is designed to 

     maintain specific information about every record in the table.

    A record, also called a row, is each individual entry that exists in a table.

     For example, there are 91 records in the above Customers table. A record is

     a horizontal entity in a table.

    A column is a vertical entity in a table that contains all information associated

     with a specific field in a table.

Read More

SQL HOME

 SQL Tutorial

SQL is a standard language for storing, manipulating and retrieving data in databases.

Our SQL tutorial will teach you how to use SQL in: MySQL, SQL Server, MS Access, Oracle, Sybase, Informix, Postgres, and other database systems.

Examples in Each Chapter

With our online SQL editor, you can edit the SQL statements, and click on a button to view the result.

Example

SELECT * FROM Customers;

Click on the "Try it Yourself" button to see how it works.

Read More

SQL HOME

 SQL Tutorial

SQL is a standard language for storing, manipulating and retrieving data in databases.

Our SQL tutorial will teach you how to use SQL in: MySQL, SQL Server, MS Access, Oracle, Sybase, Informix, Postgres, and other database systems.

Examples in Each Chapter

With our online SQL editor, you can edit the SQL statements, and click on a button to view the result.

Example

SELECT * FROM Customers;

Click on the "Try it Yourself" button to see how it works.

Read More

SQL Tutorial

SQL Tutorial

SQL HOME

SQL Intro

SQL Syntax

SQL Select

SQL Select Distinct

SQL Where

SQL And, Or, Not

SQL Order By

SQL Insert Into

SQL Null Values

SQL Update

SQL Delete

SQL Select Top

SQL Min and Max

SQL Count, Avg, Sum

SQL Like

SQL Wildcards

SQL In

SQL Between

SQL Aliases

SQL Joins

SQL Inner Join

SQL Left Join

SQL Right Join

SQL Full Join

SQL Self Join

SQL Union

SQL Group By

SQL Having

SQL Exists

SQL Any, All

SQL Select Into

SQL Insert Into Select

SQL Case

SQL Null Functions

SQL Stored Procedures

SQL Comments

SQL Operators

SQL Database

SQL Create DB

SQL Drop DB

SQL Backup DB

SQL Create Table

SQL Drop Table

SQL Alter Table

SQL Constraints

SQL Not Null

SQL Unique

SQL Primary Key

SQL Foreign Key

SQL Check

SQL Default

SQL Index

SQL Auto Increment

SQL Dates

SQL Views

SQL Injection

SQL Hosting

SQL Data Types

SQL References

SQL Keywords

MySQL Functions

SQL Server Functions

MS Access Functions

SQL Quick Ref

SQL Examples

SQL Examples

SQL Quiz

SQL Exercises

SQL Certificate

Read More

SQL Tutorial

SQL Tutorial

SQL HOME

SQL Intro

SQL Syntax

SQL Select

SQL Select Distinct

SQL Where

SQL And, Or, Not

SQL Order By

SQL Insert Into

SQL Null Values

SQL Update

SQL Delete

SQL Select Top

SQL Min and Max

SQL Count, Avg, Sum

SQL Like

SQL Wildcards

SQL In

SQL Between

SQL Aliases

SQL Joins

SQL Inner Join

SQL Left Join

SQL Right Join

SQL Full Join

SQL Self Join

SQL Union

SQL Group By

SQL Having

SQL Exists

SQL Any, All

SQL Select Into

SQL Insert Into Select

SQL Case

SQL Null Functions

SQL Stored Procedures

SQL Comments

SQL Operators

SQL Database

SQL Create DB

SQL Drop DB

SQL Backup DB

SQL Create Table

SQL Drop Table

SQL Alter Table

SQL Constraints

SQL Not Null

SQL Unique

SQL Primary Key

SQL Foreign Key

SQL Check

SQL Default

SQL Index

SQL Auto Increment

SQL Dates

SQL Views

SQL Injection

SQL Hosting

SQL Data Types

SQL References

SQL Keywords

MySQL Functions

SQL Server Functions

MS Access Functions

SQL Quick Ref

SQL Examples

SQL Examples

SQL Quiz

SQL Exercises

SQL Certificate

Read More

SQL Tutorial

SQL Tutorial

SQL HOME

SQL Intro

SQL Syntax

SQL Select

SQL Select Distinct

SQL Where

SQL And, Or, Not

SQL Order By

SQL Insert Into

SQL Null Values

SQL Update

SQL Delete

SQL Select Top

SQL Min and Max

SQL Count, Avg, Sum

SQL Like

SQL Wildcards

SQL In

SQL Between

SQL Aliases

SQL Joins

SQL Inner Join

SQL Left Join

SQL Right Join

SQL Full Join

SQL Self Join

SQL Union

SQL Group By

SQL Having

SQL Exists

SQL Any, All

SQL Select Into

SQL Insert Into Select

SQL Case

SQL Null Functions

SQL Stored Procedures

SQL Comments

SQL Operators

SQL Database

SQL Create DB

SQL Drop DB

SQL Backup DB

SQL Create Table

SQL Drop Table

SQL Alter Table

SQL Constraints

SQL Not Null

SQL Unique

SQL Primary Key

SQL Foreign Key

SQL Check

SQL Default

SQL Index

SQL Auto Increment

SQL Dates

SQL Views

SQL Injection

SQL Hosting

SQL Data Types

SQL References

SQL Keywords

MySQL Functions

SQL Server Functions

MS Access Functions

SQL Quick Ref

SQL Examples

SQL Examples

SQL Quiz

SQL Exercises

SQL Certificate

Read More

Razorpay Payment Gateway Integration Laravel 8

  In First step, We need to get fresh laravel version application 

  using bellow command. So Let's open terminal and run

  bellow command.

  <?php

  composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel blog

  ?>

  Step 2 : Setup Database Configuration

  After successfully install laravel app thenafter configure databse setup.

  We will open ".env" file and change the database name, username and 

  password in the env file.

  <?php

  DB_CONNECTION=mysql

  DB_HOST=127.0.0.1

  DB_PORT=3306

  DB_DATABASE=Enter_Your_Database_Name

  DB_USERNAME=Enter_Your_Database_Username

  DB_PASSWORD=Enter_Your_Database_Password

  ?>

  Step 3 : Install Razorpay

  In this step, we need to install razorpay laravel package in our application. 

  so let's open terminal and run bellow

  command:

  <?php

  composer require razorpay/razorpay

  Successfully install razorpay package then after you can add razorkey and razorsecret in .env file.

  .env

  RAZOR_KEY=your_razorpay_key

  RAZOR_SECRET=your_razorpay_secret

  Step 4: Add New Route

  ?>

  In this step, we will add two routes, one for display razorpay payment gateway 

  and another for store payment. So you have to simply add two new routes in your

   laravel application.

  <?php 

  /routes/web.php

  Route::get('payment-razorpay', 'PaymentController@create')->name('paywithrazorpay');

  Route::post('payment', 'PaymentController@payment')->name('payment');

  Step 5: Create Controller

  In third step, we will create new PaymentController file to handle request of 

  created two new route. In this Controller we define two method, create() 

  and payment(). Both method will handle route request. So let's create 

  new controller and put code:

  php artisan make:controller PaymentController

  After successfully run above command . So, let's copy bellow code

  and put on PaymentController.php file.

  app/http/controller/PaymentController.php

  ?>

  <?php

  namespace App\Http\Controllers;

  use Illuminate\Http\Request;

  use Razorpay\Api\Api;

  use Session;

  use Redirect;

  class PaymentController extends Controller

  {    

  public function create()

  {        

  return view('payWithRazorpay');

  }

  public function payment(Request $request)

  {

  $input = $request->all();

  $api = new Api(env('RAZOR_KEY'), env('RAZOR_SECRET'));

  $payment = $api->payment->fetch($input['razorpay_payment_id']);

  if(count($input)  && !empty($input['razorpay_payment_id'])) {

  try {

  $response = $api->payment->fetch($input['razorpay_payment_id'])

    ->capture(array('amount'=>$payment['amount'])); 

  } catch (\Exception $e) {

  return  $e->getMessage();

  \Session::put('error',$e->getMessage());

  return redirect()->back();

  }

  }

  \Session::put('success', 'Payment successful');

  return redirect()->back();

  }

  }

  ?>

  Step 6: Create blade file

  In last step we will create payWithRazorpay.blade.php file

  and write code of display razorpay payment form.

  resources/views/payWithRazorpay.blade.php

  <!DOCTYPE html>

  <html lang="{{ str_replace('_', '-', app()->getLocale()) }}">

  <head>

      <meta charset="utf-8">

      <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">

      <!-- CSRF Token -->

      <meta name="csrf-token" content="{{ csrf_token() }}">

      <title>Laravel 7 - Razorpay Payment Gateway Integration</title>

      <!-- Scripts -->

      <script src="{{ asset('js/app.js') }}" defer></script>

      <!-- Fonts -->

      <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//fonts.gstatic.com">

      <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Nunito" rel="stylesheet">

      <!-- Styles -->

      <link href="{{ asset('css/app.css') }}" rel="stylesheet">

  </head>

  <body>

      <div id="app">

          <main class="py-4">

              <div class="container">

                  <div class="row">

                      <div class="col-md-6 offset-3 col-md-offset-6">

                          @if($message = Session::get('error'))

                          <div class="alert alert-danger alert-dismissible fade in" role="alert">

                              <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close">

                                  <span aria-hidden="true">×</span>

                              </button>

                              <strong>Error!</strong> {{ $message }}

                          </div>

                          @endif

                          @if($message = Session::get('success'))

                          <div class="alert alert-success alert-dismissible fade 

                          {{ Session::has('success') ? 'show' : 'in' }}"

                              role="alert">

                              <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="alert" aria-label="Close">

                                  <span aria-hidden="true">×</span>

                              </button>

                              <strong>Success!</strong> {{ $message }}

                          </div>

                          @endif

                          <div class="card card-default">

                              <div class="card-header">

                                  Laravel 7 - Razorpay Payment Gateway Integration

                              </div>

                              <div class="card-body text-center">

                                <form action="{{ route('payment') }}" method="POST">

                                 @csrf

                                 <script src="https://checkout.razorpay.com/v1/checkout.js"

                                     data-key="{{ env('RAZOR_KEY') }}" data-amount="1000"

                                      data-buttontext="Pay 1 INR"

                                     data-name="NiceSnippets" data-description="Rozerpay"

                                     data-image="{{ asset('/image/nice.png') }}" data-prefill.name="name"

                                     data-prefill.email="email" data-theme.color="#ff7529">

                                 </script>

                                </form>

                              </div>

                          </div>

                      </div>

                  </div>

              </div>

          </main>

      </div>

  </body>

  </html>

  Now we are ready to run our example so run bellow command for quick run:

  php artisan serve

  Now you can open bellow URL on your browser:

  <?php

  http://localhost:8000/payment-razorpay

  ?>

  It will help you...

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